EST Endurance Projections · Riegel Power Law

Race Time Predictor & Distance Guard-Rail Calculator

This race predictor scales a known race effort to other distances using Peter Riegel’s endurance equation (T2 = T1 x (D2 / D1)^1.06) and highlights Pelaris’s 0.5x to 2.0x distance guard-rail so you can see which projections are directly supported by your current durability.

Core Equation & Guard-Rail

T₂ = T₁ × (D₂ ÷ D₁)^1.06 · Supported Fence: 0.5× ≤ D₂/D₁ ≤ 2.0×

Pelaris only auto-projects race times between half and double the distance you actually ran (for example, 5K to 3K or 10K). Distances beyond 2.0x require specific long-run durability and fuelling verification.

EST Race Time Predictor
10K Projection EST

46:55

4:42/km

Half Marathon [EST]

1:43:30

4:54/km

Marathon [EST]

3:35:48

5:07/km

Distance Projected [EST] Pace / km Pace / mi Pelaris 0.5x–2.0x Fence
1,500m6:174:11/km6:44/miOutside 0.5x Fence (0.30x distance)
1 Mile6:464:12/km6:46/miOutside 0.5x Fence (0.32x distance)
3K13:064:22/km7:02/miSupported Projection (0.5x to 2.0x)
5K22:304:30/km7:15/miKnown Effort Baseline
10K46:554:42/km7:33/miSupported Projection (0.5x to 2.0x)
15K1:12:064:48/km7:44/miOutside 2.0x Fence (3.0x distance)
Half Marathon (21.1K)1:43:304:54/km7:54/miOutside 2.0x Fence (4.2x distance)
Marathon (42.2K)3:35:485:07/km8:14/miOutside 2.0x Fence (8.4x distance)

General fitness and training estimates only. Not medical advice.

Build Your Race Plan in Pelaris
About these numbers: Formula, guard-rails & 2 peer-reviewed citations ▾

T₂ = T₁ × (D₂ ÷ D₁)^1.06 · Supported Fence: 0.5× ≤ D₂/D₁ ≤ 2.0×

Pelaris only auto-projects race times between half and double the distance you actually ran (for example, 5K to 3K or 10K). Distances beyond 2.0x require specific long-run durability and fuelling verification.

  • • When a strong run at one distance hints at your time over another, that is Riegel's power law, drawn from world records from 100 metres out to 100 miles. [Source]
  • • Your VO2max estimate from a hard run comes straight from Daniels' VDOT tables, the pace-to-fitness model coaches have trusted for over forty years. [Source]

General fitness and training estimates only, labelled EST. Not medical advice or a clinical diagnosis.

Verified Literature

Peer-reviewed sources behind this calculator

Read full methodology in the Science Hub →

When a strong run at one distance hints at your time over another, that is Riegel's power law, drawn from world records from 100 metres out to 100 miles.

Riegel, P.S. "Athletic records and human endurance." American Scientist, 1981;69(3):285-290.

View the source

Your VO2max estimate from a hard run comes straight from Daniels' VDOT tables, the pace-to-fitness model coaches have trusted for over forty years.

Daniels, J. Daniels' Running Formula, 4th edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2021. ISBN 9781718203662, 320 pp. Carries forward the VDOT tables and the velocity-to-oxygen-cost regressions first published in Daniels, J. & Gilbert, J. Oxygen Power: Performance Tables for Distance Runners, Tempe, AZ, 1979.

View the source

Frequently asked questions: Race Time Predictor

What is the 1.06 fatigue exponent in Riegel’s formula?

Peter Riegel analysed world-record performances from 100 metres to 100 miles and found that doubling race distance slows average velocity by roughly 4 per cent, which corresponds to an exponent of 1.06 (2^1.06 = 2.085x total time).

When should I adjust the fatigue exponent to 1.04 or 1.08?

High-mileage endurance runners with strong aerobic durability often hold pace closer to 1.04, while speed-biased athletes, field-sport players or low-mileage hybrid athletes typically slow closer to 1.08 over longer distances.

Why does Pelaris fence automatic race projections at 2.0x distance?

A fast 5K does not prove you have the glycogen storage, connective tissue resilience or aerobic durability for a 42.2 km marathon. Keeping automatic projections within 0.5x to 2.0x prevents a short run from writing an unrealistic marathon target.